Power-outage food safety

Is Milk Safe After a Power Outage?

The short answer

Discard refrigerated milk that was above 40°F for more than 2 hours. Frozen milk with ice crystals may be refrozen, although texture can change.

Official decision table

Food or conditionAction or periodWhen it applies
Refrigerated milk above 40°F for over 2 hoursDiscardAll common milk types
Frozen milk with ice crystalsRefreezeTexture may change
Frozen milk above 40°F for over 2 hoursDiscardDo not taste-test

How to make the decision

Never taste food to decide whether it is safe after an outage. Time, measured temperature, ice crystals, and the official item chart control the decision.

When a package provides stricter storage or discard instructions, use the package. People at higher risk from foodborne illness should be especially conservative with refrigerated perishables.

What to do now

  1. Record how long the refrigerator, freezer, or package was outside its intended temperature range.
  2. Use a food or appliance thermometer when a temperature reading is available.
  3. Apply the exact row above instead of relying on smell, appearance, or a taste test.
  4. When the time or temperature is unknown, choose the safer action.

Check the underlying storage record

Use the complete FoodKeeper database for normal pantry, refrigerator, freezer, after-opening, and after-thawing periods.

Search USDA FoodKeeper →

Primary source

FoodSafety.gov Food Safety During a Power Outage. ShelfDate has reorganized the applicable rows for readability without replacing the official decision criteria.